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1995-07-25
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11KB
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265 lines
LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL))))
NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
lyap - display an array of Lyapunov exponents graphically
SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
_l_y_a_p [-BLps][-W width][-H height][-o filename][-a _n ] [-b _n
] [-w _n ] [-h _n ] [-i xstart] [-M _n ] [-R _p ] [-S _n
] [-D _n ] [-F string][-f string][-r _n ] [-O _n ] [-C
_n ] [-c _n ] [-m _n ] [-x xpos] [-y ypos]
DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
_l_y_a_p generates and graphically displays an array of Lyapunov
exponents for a variety of iterated periodically forced
non-linear maps of the unit interval.
OOOOPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
-C _n Specifies the minimum color index to be used for
negative exponents
-D _n Specifies the "dwell" or number of iterations over
which to average in order to calculate the Lyapunov
exponent. Default is 400.
-H _n Specifies the height of the window. Default is 256.
-L Indicates use log(x) + log(y) rather than log(xy).
-M _r Specifies the real value to compare exponent values
to for indexing into a color wheel. The default
value is 1.0.
-O _n Specifies the minimum color index to be used for
positive exponents
-R _p Specifies pseudo-random forcing with probability _p
of using parameter value 'a'.
-S _n Specifies the "settle" or number of iterations prior
to the beginning of the calculation of the Lyapunov
exponent. Default is 200.
-W _n Specifies the width of the window. Default is 256.
-a _r Specifies the real value to use as the minimum
parameter value of the horizontal axis. Default is
3.0 for the logistic map.
-b _n Specifies the real value to use as the minimum
parameter value of the vertical axis. Default is 3.0
for the logistic map.
-c _n Selects one of six different color wheels to use.
The default color wheel is a rainbow palette.
Page 1 (printed 7/25/95)
LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL))))
-F _1_0_1_0_1_0_1_0
Specifies the "Function" forcing function to use.
The example above would alternate between iterating
the circle and logistic maps. An argument of "-F
2323" would alternate between left and right
logistic maps. The default is to only use the single
specified map (see the description of -m).
-f _a_b_b_a_b_a_a_b
Specifies the forcing function to use. The default
is to alternate between the "a" parameter and the
"b" parameter.
-h _r Specifies the real value to be used as the range
over which the vertical parameter values vary. The
default is 1.0.
-i _r Specifies the real value of the initial condition to
use. Default is 0.05.
-m _n Selects between available non-linear maps of the
unit interval. A value of 0 specifies the logistic
map. A value of 1, the circle map. A value of 2, the
left-logistic. A value of 3, the right-logistic. A
value of 4, the double-logistic. The default is 0,
the logistic map.
-o _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e
Specifies the output filename to be used. If the -o
option is given, this file will automatically be
written out at the completion of the drawing. If it
is not specified, a default filename of lyap.out is
used and only written if the 'F' key is pressed
during a run. The format of the output file is PPM
for color and PGM for monochrome. The parameters
used to calculate the picture are included as
comments at the beginning of the file.
-p Switches color indices for negative and positive
exponents. Generally, causes negative exponents to
be displayed in more detail while darkening and
narrowing the color range for positive exponents.
This can be toggled during runtime by pressing the
'p' key.
-r _n Specifies the maximum rgb value to be used. Default
is 35000.
-s _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e
Specifies the output filename to be used when saving
for a later restart. If the -s option is given, this
file will automatically be written out at the
Page 2 (printed 7/25/95)
LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL))))
completion of the drawing. If it is not specified, a
default filename of lyap.sav is used and only
written if the 'f' key is pressed during a run. The
color indices are saved for picture restoration. The
parameters and other variables necessary to resume
calculation are stored as well. You can therefore
use the -s option or 'f' key to temporarily save the
program's state and resume at a later time.
-u Produces a usage message.
-v Prints out the various values to be used and exits.
-w _r Specifies the real value to be used as the range
over which the horizontal parameter values vary. The
default is 1.0.
-x _n Specifies the x screen coordinate of the window
(default is 256).
-y _n Specifies the y screen coordinate of the window
(default is 256).
NNNNOOOOTTTTEEEESSSS
During display, pressing any mouse button allows you to
select the area to be investigated with the mouse. The upper
left hand corner of the desired area is the location of the
cursor when the button is pressed. The lower right hand
corner is specified by the cursor when the button is
released.
Use of the keys _d_D_e_E_f_F_k_K_j_J_m_n_r_R_s_S_u_U_w_W_x_X_q_Q indicates:
(<) Halve dwell value.
(>) Double dwell value.
([) Halve settle value.
(]) Double settle value.
(d) Descends the ladder of lyap windows if a ladder has
previously been ascended via the 'u' or 'U' keys.
(D) Flushes the drawing buffer
(E or e) Recalculate the indices into the color wheel
using a different method
(f) Save current screen to lyap format ouput file for
later continuation
(F) Save current screen to PPM format ouput file for
later redisplay
(H or h or ?) Display brief help message
(i) Decrement the interval between stripes for the
striped color map.
Page 3 (printed 7/25/95)
LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL)))) UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm VVVV LLLLYYYYAAAAPPPP((((LLLLOOOOCCCCAAAALLLL))))
(I) Increment the interval between stripes for the
striped color map.
(K) Decrease value exponents are compared against by
0.05.
(J) Increase value exponents are compared against by
0.05.
(M) Decrease value exponents are compared against by
0.005.
(N) Increase value exponents are compared against by
0.005.
(m) Increment the map index, changing the map to be
iterated.
(P or p) Toggle positive/negative exponent display.
(r) Redraw the window using previously calculated
exponents.
(R) Redraw the window using the newly set dwell and/or
settle values.
(S) Spin the color wheel
(s) Halve the length of the spin and spin the color
wheel
(u) Go up to the window just prior to the most recent
zoom.
(U) Go all the way up to the original window.
(V or v) Display values of various parameters currently
in use
(W or w) Use next color map.
(<ctrl>-W) Use color map in $HOME/.lyapmap
(X or x) Clear window
(Q or q) quit
AAAAUUUUTTTTHHHHOOOORRRR
Ronald Joe Record
The Santa Cruz Operation
P.O. Box 1900
Santa Cruz, CA 95061
rr@sco.com
AAAACCCCKKKKNNNNOOOOWWWWLLLLEEEEDDDDGGGGEEEEMMMMEEEENNNNTTTTSSSS
The algorithm was taken from the September 1991 Scientific
American article by A. K. Dewdney who gives credit to Mario
Markus of the Max Planck Institute for its creation.
Additional information and ideas were gleaned from the
discussion on alt.fractals involving Stephen Hall, Ed
Kubaitis, Dave Platt and Baback Moghaddam. Assistance with
colormaps and spinning color wheels and X was gleaned from
Hiram Clawson. Rubber banding code was adapted from an
existing Mandelbrot program written by Stacey Campbell.
Page 4 (printed 7/25/95)